What defines science in the context of research?

The definition of science in the context of research is best represented by its publication in peer-reviewed journals. Peer review is a critical aspect of the scientific process, as it ensures that research findings are scrutinized by experts in the field before they are made public. This process enhances the credibility and reliability of the research, distinguishing it from other forms of inquiry that may not undergo similar rigorous evaluations.

Publishing in peer-reviewed journals also contributes to the accumulation of knowledge and the advancement of the field, as it allows for the dissemination of validated findings to the broader academic community. This mechanism promotes transparency, replicability, and accountability in research, which are foundational principles of scientific inquiry.

While theoretical approaches play an important role in science, they must be supported by empirical evidence and undergo scrutiny through peer review to validate their claims. Thus, whereas theoretical foundations are vital, the publication process is what formally establishes research as scientific in nature.