Which of the following is a consequence of positive reinforcement?

The choice highlighting an increase in future behaviors is correct because positive reinforcement operates on the principle that applying a favorable outcome or reward following a desired behavior enhances the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated. This fundamental concept is rooted in behavior analysis, where positive reinforcement strengthens behaviors by providing a reward that the individual finds satisfying or pleasurable.

For example, when a student receives praise for completing their homework on time, it creates a positive association with that behavior, thereby increasing the chances that the student will continue to complete their homework on time in the future. This outcome demonstrates how positive reinforcement effectively modifies behavior in educational settings by encouraging repetition of desired actions.

In contrast, the other options present outcomes that do not align with the principles of positive reinforcement. For instance, reduction in future behaviors would suggest that the behavior is being discouraged, which is contrary to the effects of positive reinforcement. A neutral effect would imply that the reinforcer does not impact the future occurrence of the behavior, which is also inconsistent with its intended function. Lastly, an increase in negative behaviors does not relate to positive reinforcement, as it specifically focuses on enhancing the likelihood of desirable behaviors rather than promoting negative ones.